Quotes: fear

Unmasking the Face, Paul Ekman, chapter 5: fear, p47-65 

 "People fear harm" 

 "Fear varies in its intensity from apprehension to terror"

"You fear any event, person, animal, thing, or idea that appears dangerous." 

chapter 6 review: disgust

Disgust represents a sense of dislike.

-Taste

-Smells

-Touches

can all be found as disgusting. However disgust is not universal, it differs from various cultures. Ex. Some societies are in favor of raw oyster, where other cultures are not.

The intensity of Disgust

       -Mild: disgust usually includes the ‘getting-rid-of’ or ‘getting-away-from’ responses. Mild disgust the ‘getting-rid-of’ impulses may be contained but not acted upon

       -Extreme: extreme intensity of disgust can cause uncontrolled nausea and vomiting

Blending of facial expressions

-Disgust and contempt often are experienced together

-Disgust can also be often used to mask anger

fear(lower face and lower eyelid) + disgust(brow, forehead and upper eyelid) 

image source: 'Unmasking the face, Paul Ekman, p.75'

surprise (brow and forehead)+disgust(lower face, including lower eyelid) 

image source: 'Unmasking the face, Paul Ekman, p.74'

'Facial expression of disgust

       -The upper lip is raised

       -The lower lips is also raised and pushed up to the upper lip, or is lowered and slightly protruding

       -The nose is wrinkled

       -The cheeks are raised

       -Lines show below the lower lid, and the lid is pushed up but not tense

       -The brow is lowered, lowering the upper lip' (Unmasking the face, Paul Ekman) 

'Unmasking the Face, Paul Ekman, p.76' 

Quotes: surprise

Unmasking the Face, Paul Ekman, chapter 4 (p34-p46)

'Almost anything can be surprising, provided it is either unexpected or misexpected. A sight, sound, smell, taste, or touch can be surprising.' 

 'You can never be surprised for long, unless the surprising event unfolds new surprising elements. It does't liner.'  

'Surprise varies in intensity from mild to extreme, depending upon the event itself' 

chapter 5 review: fear

Chapter 5 review: Fear

-      Fear usually originates or caused by HARM, both physically and mentally.  Sometimes, the advance fear of danger or harm can be more miserable than the pain experiencing the harm itself.

-      How FEAR and SURPRISE differs

              1) Fear is always unpleasant, but surprise may be not

              2) Fear can be known advanced the harm, where surprise is presented with no preparation

              3) Fear can last a long period of time, whereas surprise is the shortest emotion that only lasts a few seconds

-       The strongest intensity of fear: Terror

1) Reflects on the intensity of pain both mentally or physically

1)   Facial appearance

a)    Skin becomes pale

b)   Breathing becomes more rapid

c)    Heart pounding

d)   Stomach feeling sick

-       Some people enjoy fear, but some others have difficulties enduring fear

-       Fear facial expression: 

Unmasking the face, Paul Ekman, p62 

                      '-The eyebrows are raised and drawn together

                      -The wrinkles in the forehead are in the center

                      -The upper eyelid is raised, exposing sclera, and the lower eyelid is tensed and drawn     

                        up

                      -The mouth is open and the lips are either tensed slightly and drawn back or stretched               

                        and drawn back ' (Unmasking the face, Paul Ekman, p63) 

                1)The intensity is shown

a)    In the eyes, as the upper lid rises higher.

b)   On the mouth, increasing the stretching and opening

-       Fear can be blended with various other emotions,

The facial expression is a mix of these two emotions, for example a surprise mouth with fear eyes.

two types facial expression with the blend of fear and surprise (Unmasking the face, Paul Ekman, p61)

Quotes: Introduction

Chapter 4 review: Surprise

image source: http://readbodylanguage.wordpress.com/2011/05/26/micro-facial-expressions-103-fear-and-surprise/

image source: 'unmasking the face', Paul Ekman, p.41

The right side picture is the mouth expression for surprise. As shown on the picture, the looks like it is actually fell open. The more widely it opens, the stronger the intensity of surprise. 

image source: 'unmasking the face', Paul Ekman, p. 40 

The pictures above are the eye expression for surprise, with the lower eyelids relaxed and the upper eyelids raised.

image source: 'unmasking the face' Paul Ekman, p.38

The right side is the eyebrow expression of surprise. The eyebrows have been stretched by lifting the eyebrows. The wrinkles however, do not appear on every face. Children for example usually do not show them. 

image source: 'unmasking the face' Paul Ekman, p.44

Four types of surprise shown in the picture above.

Upper left: Question Surprise
           
              Facial expression uninvolved: mouth

Upper right: Astonished or amazed surprise

                Facial expression uninvolved: eyebrows

Lower left: Dazed Surprise

                Facial expression uninvolved: eyes

Lower right: Surprise

                All three facial areas involved